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Pakistan officially endorses Islam as a state religion and utilizes Sharia in governance across the entire country to a large degree.

Major ethnolinguistic groups in the country include Punjabis, Pashtuns, Sindhis, Saraikis and Baloch people, with significant numbers of Kashmiris, Brahuis, Hindkowans, Paharis, Shina people, Burusho people, Wakhis, Baltis, Chitralis and other various minorities. 'migrants' also referred to as Urdu-speaking people), whose arrival to the country en masse occurred as a direct result of the Partition of British India along religious lines in 1947. Pakistan also hosts significant populations of Dravidian peoples, the majority of whom are South Indians who trace their historical roots to regions such as Hyderabad Deccan and are identified with the multi-ethnic community of Muhajirs ( lit. In addition to its four provinces, Pakistan also administers two disputed territories known as Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit−Baltistan within the greater Kashmir region both territories also have an Indo-Aryan majority with the exception of the Baltistan subregion, which is largely inhabited by Tibetan peoples. Ethnically, Indo-Aryan peoples comprise the majority of the population in the eastern provinces of Pakistani Punjab and Sindh, while Iranian peoples comprise the majority in the western provinces of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Having one of the fastest-growing populations in the world, Pakistan's people belong to various ethnic subgroups, with the overwhelming majority being speakers of the Indo-Iranian languages. Hinduism, Christianity, Ahmadiyya, Baháʼí Faith, Kalasha, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Saraiki, Balochi, Hindko, Brahui, Kashmiri, Kalasha-mun, Shina, Balti and others

1,174,983 ( 2011 official British census) ĥ26,956 (2018 American Community Survey estimate) Ģ15,560 ( 2016 official Canadian census) ġ25,000 (2016 official Qatari estimate) ġ18,181 (2017 official Italian estimate) Ĩ2,738 (2018 official Spanish estimate) Ħ1,913 ( 2016 official Australian census) ĥ9,281 (2017 official Malaysian estimate) ģ8,000 (2019 official Norwegian estimate)